2ality.com is the long-standing blog of Dr. Axel Rauschmayer, devoted to JavaScript, TypeScript and modern web development. The blog was launched in March 2005 and remains one of the deepest and most respected resources for ECMAScript, language fundamentals and evolving JS features. Axel writes detailed, clear, and specification-aware analyses of JavaScript behavior, type system tricks in TypeScript, best practices, and the internal mechanics of web technologies. The content ranges from diving into conditional types, tuple types, ESM-based package publishing, to tutorials on Node.js and shell scripting.
52 articles from this blog
![[Web dev for beginners] Node.js](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-10db4baa6b5e-full-490086c8.webp)
A beginner's guide to Node.js, explaining what it is and how to run your first JavaScript application outside of a web browser.
![[Web dev for beginners] Shells](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-1e771ce04704-full-68f5d9fd.webp)
A beginner's guide to using shells and understanding file system paths for web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] CSS layout: flexbox, grid, media queries and container queries](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-466bf810c713-full-36a43165.webp)
A beginner's guide to CSS layout techniques including Flexbox, Grid, and responsive queries for web development.
The author proposes a new CSS feature called 'inner breakpoints' for responsive element layouts, comparing it to media and container queries.
![[Web dev for beginners] Getting started](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-95dacf1eff0a-full-b602439c.webp)
A beginner's guide to setting up a web development environment, covering essential tools like IDEs and project setup.
![[Web dev for beginners] Version control via Git and GitHub](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-6252c179ed83-full-fe3c4a72.webp)
A beginner's guide to using Git and GitHub for version control in web development, covering installation and basic local repository usage.
![[Web dev for beginners] Markdown](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-af5d2e0cf7b6-full-c02ace23.webp)
A beginner's guide to Markdown, a lightweight markup language used in programming documentation and web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] Authenticating users with plain Node.js](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-0a903f7f48e1-full-e14c4168.webp)
A beginner's guide to implementing user authentication in a Node.js web server, covering passwords, Base64 encoding, and dynamic imports.
![[Web dev for beginners] Implementing web servers](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-fc67623763cd-full-6dfe63b3.webp)
A beginner's guide to implementing web servers, covering HTTP requests, responses, status codes, and client-server architecture.
![[Web dev for beginners] Installing npm packages and bundling](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-ae7cf45972ba-full-7c0c2c0c.webp)
A beginner's guide to using npm packages and bundling JavaScript code for web development projects.
![[Web dev for beginners] JSON and processing files in Node.js](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-6d81cf53c1c1-full-ef540e63.webp)
A beginner's guide to understanding JSON syntax and using Node.js to read and write files, part of a web development series.
![[Web dev for beginners] JavaScript Maps](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-300b09a595ee-full-9817725d.webp)
A beginner-friendly tutorial explaining the JavaScript Map data structure, including creation, usage, and key methods.
![[Web dev for beginners] JavaScript exceptions](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-d538c42997a9-full-b762c17c.webp)
A beginner's guide to JavaScript exceptions, covering error handling, the Error class, and stack traces for web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] Plain objects in JavaScript](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-a8764f4f4c77-full-af33a22b.webp)
A beginner's guide to creating and using plain objects in JavaScript, including properties, methods, and a practical flash card app project.
![[Web dev for beginners] Modules and testing in JavaScript](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-58ef4454b82e-full-6024775d.webp)
A beginner's guide to JavaScript modules and testing, covering arrow function syntax and how to split code into multiple files.
![[Web dev for beginners] Using web servers and npm](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-95e1d5b9f57d-full-2bdb4db7.webp)
A beginner's guide to running a local web server, explaining IP addresses, localhost, ports, and using npm for web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] Loops in JavaScript](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-34d20629df95-full-e051fa58.webp)
A beginner's guide to JavaScript loops, covering for-of loops, iterables, array.entries(), and destructuring for web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] Booleans, comparisons and <code>if</code> statements in JavaScript](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-09cdc324335d-full-7f7984af.webp)
A beginner's guide to JavaScript booleans, comparisons, and if statements for conditional code execution in web development.
![[Web dev for beginners] Strings and methods in JavaScript](https://alldevblogs.blob.core.windows.net/thumbs/article-3a533d920015-full-ceacb037.webp)
A beginner's guide to working with strings in JavaScript, covering data types, string methods, concatenation, and functions.
A beginner-friendly blog series teaching web development fundamentals: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Node.js, Git, and deployment.
